Vitamins & Minerals
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin A
Antioxidant, Essential vitamin, Fat-soluble vitamin, Hormone Support
Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in thyroid function by regulating TSH production, supporting T4 to T3 conversion, and enhancing cellular sensitivity to thyroid…
Read MoreVitamin K2
Fat-soluble vitamin, Menaquinone, Vitamin
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone) is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that directs calcium to bones while preventing arterial calcification, supporting cardiovascular health, bone strength, and proper calcium metabolism.Alternative Names: Menaquinone, MK-4, MK-7,…
Read MoreVitamin E
Antioxidant, Fat-soluble vitamin, Vitamin
Vitamin E with mixed tocopherols is a powerful fat-soluble antioxidant complex that protects cells from oxidative damage, supports cardiovascular health, enhances immune function, and promotes skin health.Alternative Names: Mixed tocopherols,…
Read MoreMajor Minerals (Macrominerals)
Sulfur
Essential Mineral, Nonmetallic element
Sulfur is an essential mineral vital for protein structure, detoxification, and antioxidant systems, primarily obtained through sulfur-containing amino acids in protein-rich foods. While not typically supplemented in elemental form, compounds…
Read MoreSodium
Electrolyte, Essential Nutrient, Mineral
Sodium is an essential electrolyte that regulates fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, and muscle function, with recommended intake of 1,500-2,300 mg daily for most adults, though excessive consumption is linked…
Read MorePotassium
Electrolyte, Essential Mineral, Macromineral
Potassium is an essential mineral and electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions. Research shows it’s particularly beneficial for blood pressure management, with an Adequate Intake…
Read MorePhosphorus
Essential Mineral
Phosphorus is an essential mineral critical for bone structure, energy metabolism, and cellular function. While deficiency is rare due to its abundance in the food supply, certain medical conditions may…
Read MoreMagnesium
Electrolyte, Essential Mineral, Mineral
Magnesium is an essential mineral involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions, supporting everything from energy production to DNA synthesis. Adults need 310-420mg daily, with rich sources including dark leafy greens,…
Read MoreTrace Minerals (Microminerals)
Zinc
Essential Mineral, Mineral, Trace Element
Zinc is an essential trace mineral involved in approximately 100 enzyme systems throughout the body. Research shows it plays critical roles in immune function, DNA synthesis, protein production, wound healing,…
Read MoreSelenium
Antioxidant, Essential Mineral, Essential Nutrient, Micronutrient, Mineral, Trace Element
Selenium is an essential trace mineral vital for antioxidant defense, thyroid function, and immune health. Most adults need just 55 micrograms daily, with Brazil nuts, seafood, and organ meats being…
Read MoreMolybdenum
Essential Mineral, Mineral, Trace Element
Molybdenum is an essential trace mineral that serves as a cofactor for four critical enzymes in humans. It plays key roles in sulfite detoxification, purine metabolism, and the processing of…
Read MoreManganese
Essential Mineral, Mineral, Trace Element
Manganese is an essential trace mineral vital for antioxidant defense, bone formation, and carbohydrate metabolism. It’s found in foods like whole grains, nuts, and leafy greens, with most adults needing…
Read MoreIron
Essential Mineral, Mineral, Trace Element
Iron is an essential mineral vital for oxygen transport, energy production, and immune function. Most adults need 8-18mg daily, with higher needs for women of childbearing age (18mg) and pregnant…
Read MoreIodine
Essential Mineral, Mineral, Trace Element
Iodine is an essential trace mineral vital for making thyroid hormones, which control metabolism, growth, and brain development. Most people need just 150 micrograms daily (about what’s in 1/4 teaspoon…
Read MoreCopper
Essential Mineral, Mineral, Trace Element
Copper is an essential trace mineral vital for energy production, iron metabolism, connective tissue formation, and antioxidant defense. It’s found in foods like liver, shellfish, nuts, and dark chocolate, with…
Read MoreChromium
Essential Mineral, Essential Nutrient, Glucose Metabolism Support, Insulin Sensitizer, Micronutrient, Mineral, Trace Element
Chromium is an essential trace mineral that enhances insulin action and supports healthy glucose metabolism. It’s found in small amounts in foods like brewer’s yeast, whole grains, and spices. Most…
Read MoreOther Trace Minerals
Vanadium
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Vanadyl Sulfate, Sodium Metavanadate, Bis(maltolato)oxovanadium (BMOV), Bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium (BEOV)Categories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsInsulin mimetic propertiesBlood glucose regulationPotential anti-diabetic effectsSecondary BenefitsLipid metabolism regulationPotential anti-cancer propertiesPossible cardiovascular benefitsAnti-inflammatory effects Disclaimer:…
Read MoreTitanium
Food additive, Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: TiO2, E171, Titanium White, Pigment White 6Categories: Trace Minerals, Micronutrients, Food AdditivesPrimary Longevity BenefitsNone scientifically establishedSecondary BenefitsNone scientifically established Disclaimer: The information provided is for educational purposes only…
Read MoreTin
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Stannum, SnCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsPossible role in growthPotential antioxidant propertiesSecondary BenefitsMay support enzyme functionPossible role in protein metabolism Disclaimer: The information provided is for educational purposes…
Read MoreStrontium
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Strontium Citrate, Strontium Ranelate, Strontium Chloride, Strontium CarbonateCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsBone health supportOsteoporosis prevention and treatmentBone density enhancementSecondary BenefitsDental health supportReduction in fracture riskJoint health supportPotential…
Read MoreSilver
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Silver is a trace mineral with antimicrobial properties when used topically, but has no established health benefits when taken orally and carries significant risks including permanent skin discoloration (argyria).Alternative Names:…
Read MoreSilicon
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Silicon is a trace mineral essential for collagen synthesis and cross-linking that promotes bone mineralization, enhances osteoblast activity, and strengthens connective tissues, with clinical evidence supporting its role in bone…
Read MoreRubidium
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Rubidium Chloride, Rubidium SaltCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsPotential neurological supportPossible mood regulationSecondary BenefitsGut health supportAnti-inflammatory effectsPotential immune system modulation Disclaimer: The information provided is for educational purposes…
Read MorePlatinum
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Platinum Chloride, Platinum Salts, Colloidal PlatinumCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsNone scientifically establishedSecondary BenefitsNone scientifically established Disclaimer: The information provided is for educational purposes only and is not…
Read MoreLithium
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Lithium Orotate, Lithium Aspartate, Trace LithiumCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsNeuroprotectionMood stabilizationCognitive supportSecondary BenefitsAnti-inflammatory effectsAntioxidant supportCellular stress resistancePotential longevity promotion Mechanism of ActionPrimary MechanismsMechanismDescriptionRelevanceEvidence LevelGSK-3β InhibitionLithium directly inhibits…
Read MoreIndium
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Indium Sulfate, Indium Trichloride, Indium SaltsCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsNone scientifically establishedSecondary BenefitsNone scientifically established Optimal DosageDisclaimer: The following dosage information is for educational purposes only. Always…
Read MoreGold
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Colloidal Gold, Gold Sol, Gold Nanoparticles, AuNPsCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsNone scientifically establishedSecondary BenefitsNone scientifically established Optimal DosageDisclaimer: The following dosage information is for educational purposes only.…
Read MoreGermanium
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Alternative Names: Organic Germanium, Ge-132, Bis(carboxyethyl germanium) sesquioxide, PropagermaniumCategories: Trace Minerals, MicronutrientsPrimary Longevity BenefitsImmune system supportAntioxidant propertiesAnti-inflammatory effectsSecondary BenefitsPotential anti-tumor activityViral infection resistanceOxygen utilization enhancement Optimal DosageDisclaimer: The following dosage…
Read MoreCesium
Uncategorized
Cesium is an alkali metal element that exists as cesium chloride in supplement form. While it has been investigated for potential health applications, particularly in alternative cancer approaches, scientific evidence…
Read MoreBoron
Micronutrient, Trace Mineral
Boron is a trace mineral that supports bone health, hormone balance, and brain function. Most adults need about 3-6 mg daily, which can be obtained from fruits, vegetables, and nuts.…
Read MoreBismuth
Antimicrobial, Gastrointestinal Agent, Heavy metal, Mineral, Trace Element
Bismuth is a metallic element used in supplement form (typically as bismuth subsalicylate or bismuth subcitrate) that provides powerful antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and protective effects in the gastrointestinal tract, effectively treating…
Read MoreBarium
Alkaline Earth Metal, Diagnostic Agent, Heavy metal, Non-Essential Element
Barium is a heavy alkaline earth metal that is not considered an essential nutrient and is primarily used in medical imaging as barium sulfate for diagnostic purposes, with soluble forms…
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